ASTM E 2587-2007 统计过程控制中控制图的使用标准实施规程

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【英文标准名称】:Methodsofsamplingandtestforcarbonaceousmaterialsusedinaluminiummanufacture-Electrodes-Determinationoftheopenporosityandbulkdensity(apparentdensity)ofcathodeblocksandprebakedanodesbyahydrostaticmethod
【原文标准名称】:制铝工业用含碳材料的取样和试验方法.电极.用流体静力学法测定阴极碳块和预焙阳极的开放式孔隙率和体密度(表观密度)
【标准号】:BS6043-3.4-2000
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2000-10-15
【实施或试行日期】:2000-10-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:铝;阳极;体密度;碳;阴极;电极;提取冶金;流体静力称重法;孔隙率;生产
【英文主题词】:Aluminium;Anodes;Bulkdensity;Carbon;Cathodes;Electrodes;Extractionmetallurgy;Hydrostaticweighingmethod;Porosity;Production
【摘要】:ThispartofISO12985specifiesahydrostaticmethodforthedeterminationoftheapparentdensityandtheopen(towater)porosityofcarbonaceousproductsusedintheproductionofaluminium.Thishydrostaticmethodwasdevelopedprincipallytodeterminetheopenporositybutcanalsobeusedtomeasuretheapparentdensity.ThispartofISO12985isespeciallyapplicabletosamplesofcomplexonirregulargeometry(duetodrillingdifficulties).
【中国标准分类号】:Q52
【国际标准分类号】:71_100_10
【页数】:12P;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforConstant-Amplitude,Axial,Tension-TensionCyclicFatigueofAdvancedCeramicsatAmbientTemperatures
【原文标准名称】:高级陶瓷在环境温度下的恒幅轴向张力循环疲劳性能测定的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMC1361-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C28.01
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:advancedceramic;S-Ncurve;tension-tensioncyclicfatigue;Advancedceramics;Ambienttemperature;Constant-amplitudeaxialtension-tensionfatigue;S-Ncurve;Tensileproperties/testing--ceramics;Tension-tensioncyclicfatigue
【摘要】:Thispracticemaybeusedformaterialdevelopment,materialcomparison,qualityassurance,characterization,reliabilityassessment,anddesigndatageneration.High-strength,monolithicadvancedceramicmaterialsaregenerallycharacterizedbysmallgrainsizes(x003C;50x03BC;m)andbulkdensitiesnearthetheoreticaldensity.Thesematerialsarecandidatesforload-bearingstructuralapplicationsrequiringhighdegreesofwearandcorrosionresistance,andhigh-temperaturestrength.Althoughflexuraltestmethodsarecommonlyusedtoevaluatestrengthofadvancedceramics,thenonuniformstressdistributioninaflexurespecimenlimitsthevolumeofmaterialsubjectedtothemaximumappliedstressatfracture.Uniaxially-loadedtensilestrengthtestsmayprovideinformationonstrength-limitingflawsfromagreatervolumeofuniformlystressedmaterial.CyclicfatiguebyitsnatureisaprobabilisticphenomenonasdiscussedinSTP91AandSTP588.(1,2)Inaddition,thestrengthsofadvancedceramicsareprobabilisticinnature.Therefore,asufficientnumberoftestspecimensateachtestingconditionisrequiredforstatisticalanalysisanddesign,withguidelinesforsufficientnumbersprovidedinSTP91A,(1)STP588,(2)andPracticeE739.Themanydifferenttensilespecimengeometriesavailableforcyclicfatiguetestingmayresultinvariationsinthemeasuredcyclicfatiguebehaviorofaparticularmaterialduetodifferencesinthevolumeorsurfaceareaofmaterialinthegagesectionofthetestspecimens.Tensilecyclicfatiguetestsprovideinformationonthematerialresponseunderfluctuatinguniaxialtensilestresses.Uniformstressstatesarerequiredtoeffectivelyevaluateanynon-linearstress-strainbehaviorwhichmaydevelopastheresultofcumulativedamageprocesses(forexample,microcracking,cyclicfatiguecrackgrowth,etc.).Cumulativedamageprocessesduetocyclicfatiguemaybeinfluencedbytestingmode,testingrate(relatedtofrequency),differencesbetweenmaximumandminimumforce(Rorx0391;),effectsofprocessingorcombinationsofconstituentmaterials,orenvironmentalinfluences,orboth.Otherfactorsthatinfluencecyclicfatiguebehaviourare:voidorporositycontent,methodsoftestspecimenpreparationorfabrication,testspecimenconditioning,testenvironment,forceorstrainlimitsduringcycling,waveshapes(thatis,sinusoidal,trapezoidal,etc.),andfailuremode.Someoftheseeffectsmaybeconsequencesofstresscorrosionorsubcritical(slow)crackgrowthwhichcanbedifficulttoquantify.Inaddition,surfaceornear-surfaceflawsintroducedbythetestspecimenfabricationprocess(machining)mayormaynotbequantifiablebyconventionalmeasurementsofsurfacetexture.Therefore,surfaceeffects(forexample,asreflectedincyclicfatiguereductionfactorsasclassifiedbyMarin(3))mustbeinferredfromtheresultsofnumerouscyclicfatiguetestsperformedwithtestspecimenshavingidenticalfabricationhistories.Theresultsofcyclicfatiguetestsofspecimensfabricatedtostandardizeddimensionsfromaparticularmaterialorselectedportionsofapart,orboth,maynottotallyrepresentthecyclicfatiguebehavioroftheentire,full-sizeendproductoritsin-servicebehaviorindifferentenvironments.However,forqualitycontrolpurposes,resultsderivedfromstandardizedtensiletestspecimensmaybeconsideredindicativeoftheresponseofthematerialfromwhichtheyweretakenforgivenprimaryprocessingconditionsandpost-processingheattreatments.Th.........
【中国标准分类号】:Q32
【国际标准分类号】:81_060_30
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语